Carols

Thursday, december the 12th, 
Francine and Michel's

-- Intro                         All work and no play make Jack a dull boy

                                            Too much hard work and not enough leisure time can be unhealthy.                                 

Carols ------- Christmas Songs

-- Vocabulary

heaven         paradis   good heavens ! mon Dieu !

echoing       raisonner, faire écho
strain           (old) chant, musique    and also tension, stress
troll             (old) chant
yule tide      (old) Noël
carol            chant de Noël
holy             saint                             but holly houx
don              vêtir
apparel        tenue
hark             attention! écouter  (terme de chasse hunting)
sinner          pécheur .... seven holy sins
joyous         joyeux, syn joyful

and more ....
predictable  prévisible and unpredictable ...
jazzed up     arrangé façon jazz

and more again ...
emploi de "for" après certains verbes:
ask for sth, look for a dress, wait for the bus, pay for a drink ...
Danielle wishes for champagne so we wish her a very Happy Christmas

-- Finally we celebrate the end of these private lessons and thank         Ruth with a gift, an I.Pad.

"I'm very touched" said Ruth, overwhelmed !

                                 to overwhelm : émouvoir, bouleverser

Clever Scribes

 

 

The scribes’ invention to distinguish U and V in manuscripts : replace u  with o

 The vowel in these words is pronounced like the <u> in butter, fun, summer…

 

 

above	among	another	brother	colour
come	comfort(able)	company	cover	does
done	dove	dozen	front	glove
govern(ment)	honey	London	love	Monday
money	monk	monkey	month	mother
nothing	once	one	onion	other
oven	shove	shovel	smother	some
son	sponge	stomach	ton	tongue
won	wonder(ful)

 

Thursday, 28th Nov, Ruth's
Thanksgiving day

News
Danielle was at a meeting of a Bed & Breakfast owners. She hoped champagne but not this evening !
Michel is in Paris with Francine in Education to be retired. Good luck.

Thanksgiving Day
 First celebration in 1621.  Thanksgiving Day (Jour de l'Action de grâce in Canadian French) is a national holiday celebrated primarily in the United States and Canada as a day of giving thanks for the blessing of the harvest and of the preceding year. Several other places around the world observe similar celebrations. It is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States and on the second Monday of October in Canada. Thanksgiving has its historical roots in religious and cultural traditions, and has long been celebrated in a secular manner as well.

Menu  Turkey is recommended or goose or duck, stuffy(farcie, étouffante)
Many other foods are typically served alongside the main dish(side dishes=accompagnt)
 - gravy (sauce au jus de viande), cranberry sauce, winter squash, green bean casserole, mashed potatoes or sweet potatoes, nuts, bread 
Dessert : pumpkin pie, apple pie, pecan pie ...
Beverages : apple cider (still or sparkling)... gazeux, wine (Beaujolais nouveau) sometimes.

Songs : Over the river and through the woods (cf your paper)
Invitation : opening table, persons alone are invited

Traditional Thanksgiving dinner

Recipe of the pumpkin pie

1 cup strained, cooked pumpkin (citrouille)
1 egg and 1 yolk (jaune)
3/4 cup scalded milk (ébouillanté)
1/2 cup sugar
4 tablespoons cream
1/2 teaspoon salt
1/2 teaspoon ground spices ( cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg) (cannelle, girofle, muscade)

Line pie pan with pastry.
combine eggs, sugar, salt and spices. Gradually stir in milk and cream, then pumpkin.
Pour (verser) three quarters of the mixture into the pie shell, place it on the oven rack, then add the rest.
Bake in hot oven (220° C) for ten minutes, reduce heat to 175° and bake for thirty minutes longer, or until a knife comes out clean.(jusque un couteau ressorte propre)

Winter Squash
At this stage, most varieties of this fruit can be stored for use during the winter

This first year of English conversation is going to finish. 

We will say a very very very big thank you to RUTH 

at the end of the next lesson